Publications

@article{subramanian2026apalu,
  title = {APALU: A Trainable, Adaptive Activation Function for Deep Learning Networks},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {Akhmadjon Ugli}, Rakhmonov Akhrorjon},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.08244},
  year = {2026},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

ACMMM’26

MedVES: Visual Evidence Scaling at Test Time for VLMs in Medical VQA

X. Wu, H. Tan, Barathi Subramanian, H. Chen, M. Peterson, and 5 more authors

2026

Accepted at ACM Multimedia 2026

Bib

@misc{wu2026medves,
  title = {MedVES: Visual Evidence Scaling at Test Time for VLMs in Medical VQA},
  author = {Wu, X. and Tan, H. and Subramanian, Barathi and Chen, H. and Peterson, M. and Guo, T. and Kiani, A. and Noh, S. and Qi, X. and Shen, Jeanne},
  year = {2026},
  note = {Accepted at ACM Multimedia 2026},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

MICCAI’26

TRIAGE-MIL: Multi-Axis Instance Selection and Semantic Hypergraph Modeling for Survival Prediction from Whole-Slide Images

Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, George A Fisher, and Jeanne Shen

2026

MICCAI 2026 conference; Springer proceedings published in 2027

DOI Bib HTML PDF

@inproceedings{subramanian2026triagemil,
  title = {TRIAGE-MIL: Multi-Axis Instance Selection and Semantic Hypergraph Modeling for Survival Prediction from Whole-Slide Images},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Fisher, George A and Shen, Jeanne},
  year = {2026},
  note = {MICCAI 2026 conference; Springer proceedings published in 2027},
  pages = {653--663},
  booktitle = {Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2026},
  publisher = {Springer},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-032-38172-9_62},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

CMIG

A Deep Learning-Based Automated Pipeline for Colorectal Cancer Detection in Contrast-Enhanced CT Images

C. Qiu, S. Miller, Barathi Subramanian, A. Ryu, H. Zhang, and 6 more authors

2026

@article{qiu2026deep,
  title = {A Deep Learning-Based Automated Pipeline for Colorectal Cancer Detection in Contrast-Enhanced CT Images},
  author = {Qiu, C. and Miller, S. and Subramanian, Barathi and Ryu, A. and Zhang, H. and Fisher, G. and Shah, N. and Mongan, J. and Langlotz, C. and Poullos, P. and Shen, Jeanne},
  journal = {Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics},
  volume = {128},
  pages = {102717},
  doi = {10.1016/j.compmedimag.2026.102717},
  year = {2026},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

CVPR’26

Gesture2Music: A Low-Latency Real-Time Framework for Continuous Gesture-Driven Music Generation

Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Kapilya Gangadharan, and Anand Paul

2026

@inproceedings{jeyaraj2026gesture2music,
  title = {Gesture2Music: A Low-Latency Real-Time Framework for Continuous Gesture-Driven Music Generation},
  author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Gangadharan, Kapilya and Paul, Anand},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops},
  year = {2026},
  pages = {3913--3922},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

CVPR’26

Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning

Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and Anand Paul

2026

@inproceedings{subramanian2026contrast,
  title = {Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
  booktitle = {Workshop on Women in Computer Vision (WiCV), IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)},
  year = {2026},
  pages = {613--622},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

2025

NeurIPS’25

STARC-9: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Class Tissue Classification for CRC Histopathology

Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Mitchell Nevin Peterson, Terry Guo, Nigam Shah, and 3 more authors

2025

*Equal contribution

@inproceedings{subramanian2025starc9,
  title = {STARC-9: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Class Tissue Classification for CRC Histopathology},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Peterson, Mitchell Nevin and Guo, Terry and Shah, Nigam and Langlotz, Curtis and Ng, Andrew Y. and Shen, Jeanne},
  booktitle = {Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) Datasets and Benchmarks Track},
  year = {2025},
  note = {*Equal contribution},
  volume = {38},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

Path. Retreat

Generating Morphologically Diverse, Class-Balanced Training Datasets for Enhanced Histopathologic Tissue-Type Classification

Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, Mitch Peterson, Terry Guo, and 2 more authors

2025

Bib PDF

@inproceedings{subramanian2025morpho,
  title = {Generating Morphologically Diverse, Class-Balanced Training Datasets for Enhanced Histopathologic Tissue-Type Classification},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
  booktitle = {Pathology Research Retreat, Department of Pathology, Stanford University},
  address = {California, USA},
  year = {2025},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

Path. Retreat

A Novel AI-Powered Preprocessing Framework for Maximizing Whole-Slide Image Dataset Quality for Machine Learning Applications

Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Songmi Noh, Mitch Peterson, Terry Guo, and 2 more authors

2025

Bib PDF

@inproceedings{jeyaraj2025preprocessing,
  title = {A Novel AI-Powered Preprocessing Framework for Maximizing Whole-Slide Image Dataset Quality for Machine Learning Applications},
  author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
  booktitle = {Pathology Research Retreat, Department of Pathology, Stanford University},
  address = {California, USA},
  year = {2025},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

ASDP’25

A Novel Training Sample Collection Framework for Improving the Performance of Multi-Tissue Type Classification in Histopathology

Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, Mitch Peterson, Terry Guo, and 3 more authors

2025

@inproceedings{subramanian2025tilecollect,
  title = {A Novel Training Sample Collection Framework for Improving the Performance of Multi-Tissue Type Classification in Histopathology},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Montine, Thomas and Shen, Jeanne},
  booktitle = {2nd Annual Congress of the Asian Society of Digital Pathology (ASDP)},
  address = {Mumbai, India},
  year = {2025},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

ASDP’25

Artificial Intelligence-Based Tile Preprocessing for More Effective Whole-Slide Image Tissue Segmentation

Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Songmi Noh, Mitch Peterson, Terry Guo, and 3 more authors

2025

@inproceedings{jeyaraj2025tilepre,
  title = {Artificial Intelligence-Based Tile Preprocessing for More Effective Whole-Slide Image Tissue Segmentation},
  author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Montine, Thomas and Shen, Jeanne},
  booktitle = {2nd Annual Congress of the Asian Society of Digital Pathology (ASDP)},
  address = {Mumbai, India},
  year = {2025},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

IEEE Access

From Data to Decisions: The Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations

K. Gangadharan, A. Purandaran, K. Malathi, Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 1 more author

2025

@article{gangadharan2025data,
  title = {From Data to Decisions: The Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations},
  author = {Gangadharan, K. and Purandaran, A. and Malathi, K. and Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jung, S. K.},
  journal = {IEEE Access},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {17354--17397},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3532697},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

2024

ICAIC’24

YOLO v8 with Spatial Attention and FFT: A Novel Approach to Counter Face Spoofing Attacks in Smart Devices

Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Karnam Yogesh, Aobo Jin, Umit Karabiyik, and 1 more author

2024

@inproceedings{jeyaraj2024yolov8,
  title = {YOLO v8 with Spatial Attention and FFT: A Novel Approach to Counter Face Spoofing Attacks in Smart Devices},
  author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Yogesh, Karnam and Jin, Aobo and Karabiyik, Umit and Gohel, Hardik A.},
  booktitle = {IEEE 3rd International Conference on AI in Cybersecurity (ICAIC)},
  address = {Houston, TX, USA},
  pages = {1--6},
  year = {2024},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

JKICS

AED-Net: Attention-Based Detection Model for Disabled Signage Detection

Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Barathi Subramanian, Bahar Amirian Varnousefaderani, and Jeonghong Kim

2024

@article{rakhmonov2024aednet,
  title = {AED-Net: Attention-Based Detection Model for Disabled Signage Detection},
  author = {Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Subramanian, Barathi and Amirian Varnousefaderani, Bahar and Kim, Jeonghong},
  journal = {The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences},
  volume = {49},
  number = {7},
  pages = {976--982},
  year = {2024},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

ETRI

AONet: Attention Network with Optional Activation for Unsupervised Video Anomaly Detection

A. A. U. Rakhmonov, Barathi Subramanian, B. Amirian Varnousefaderani, and J. Kim

2024

@article{rakhmonov2024aonet,
  title = {AONet: Attention Network with Optional Activation for Unsupervised Video Anomaly Detection},
  author = {Rakhmonov, A. A. U. and Subramanian, Barathi and Amirian Varnousefaderani, B. and Kim, J.},
  journal = {ETRI Journal},
  volume = {46},
  number = {5},
  pages = {890--903},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.4218/etrij.2024-0115},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

2023

IEEE Access

Extensive Knowledge Distillation Model: An End-to-End Effective Anomaly Detection Model for Real-Time Industrial Applications

Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Barathi Subramanian, Bekhzod Olimov, and Jeonghong Kim

2023

@article{rakhmonov2023knowledge,
  title = {Extensive Knowledge Distillation Model: An End-to-End Effective Anomaly Detection Model for Real-Time Industrial Applications},
  author = {Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Subramanian, Barathi and Olimov, Bekhzod and Kim, Jeonghong},
  journal = {IEEE Access},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {69750--69761},
  year = {2023},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

Sci. Rep.

Consecutive Multi-scale Feature Learning-based Image Classification Model

Bekhzod Olimov, Barathi Subramanian, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Jea-Soo Kim, and Jeonghong Kim

2023

DOI Bib HTML PDF

@article{olimov2023consecutive,
  title = {Consecutive Multi-scale Feature Learning-based Image Classification Model},
  author = {Olimov, Bekhzod and Subramanian, Barathi and Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Kim, Jea-Soo and Kim, Jeonghong},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year = {2023},
  volume = {13},
  number = {1},
  pages = {3595},
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-30480-8},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

KIICE’23

ASN: Attention-Guided Siamese Network for Anomaly Detection in Few-Shot Learning

Barathi Subramanian, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, and Jeonghong Kim

2023

@inproceedings{subramanian2023asn,
  title = {ASN: Attention-Guided Siamese Network for Anomaly Detection in Few-Shot Learning},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering (KIICE)},
  year = {2023},
  volume = {27},
  number = {1},
  pages = {183--185},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

ICUFN’23

Airy YOLOv5 for Disabled Sign Detection

Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Barathi Subramanian, Taehun Kim, and Jeonghong Kim

2023

@inproceedings{rakhmonov2023airy,
  title = {Airy YOLOv5 for Disabled Sign Detection},
  author = {Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Subramanian, Barathi and Kim, Taehun and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {14th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), IEEE},
  pages = {869--874},
  year = {2023},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

ICOT/IIHMSP

Telehealth 2.0: A Novel Framework for Real-Time Liveliness Detection and Mood Analysis

Barathi Subramanian, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Bahar Amirian Varnousefaderani, and Jeonghong Kim

2023

@inproceedings{subramanian2023telehealth,
  title = {Telehealth 2.0: A Novel Framework for Real-Time Liveliness Detection and Mood Analysis},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Amirian Varnousefaderani, Bahar and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {11th International Conference on Orange Technology (ICOT) \& 19th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIHMSP)},
  year = {2023},
  pages = {149--159},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

Patent

Digital Twin-Based Emotion Recognition System for Personalized Healthcare: Enhancing Emotional Well-Being Through Real-Time Monitoring and Treatment Strategies

Barathi Subramanian, Anand Paul, and Jeonghong Kim

2023

Indian Patent in Bio-medical Engineering

Bib PDF

@misc{subramanian2023patent,
  title = {Digital Twin-Based Emotion Recognition System for Personalized Healthcare: Enhancing Emotional Well-Being Through Real-Time Monitoring and Treatment Strategies},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Paul, Anand and Kim, Jeonghong},
  year = {2023},
  note = {Indian Patent in Bio-medical Engineering},
  pubcategory = {patent},
  type = {patent}
}

2022

IEEE Access

Digital Twin Model: A Real-Time Emotion Recognition System for Personalized Healthcare

Barathi Subramanian, Jeonghong Kim, Mohammed Maray, and Anand Paul

2022

@article{subramanian2022digitaltwin,
  title = {Digital Twin Model: A Real-Time Emotion Recognition System for Personalized Healthcare},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Kim, Jeonghong and Maray, Mohammed and Paul, Anand},
  journal = {IEEE Access},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {81155--81165},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3193941},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

Sci. Rep.

An Integrated MediaPipe-Optimized GRU Model for Indian Sign Language Recognition

Barathi Subramanian, Bekhzod Olimov, Shraddha M. Naik, Sangchul Kim, Kil-Houm Park, and 1 more author

2022

DOI Bib HTML PDF

@article{subramanian2022mediapipe,
  title = {An Integrated MediaPipe-Optimized GRU Model for Indian Sign Language Recognition},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Olimov, Bekhzod and Naik, Shraddha M. and Kim, Sangchul and Park, Kil-Houm and Kim, Jeonghong},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1--16},
  year = {2022},
  number = {1},
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-15998-7},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

Sci. Prog.

Metrics Space and Norm: Taxonomy to Distance Metrics

Barathi Subramanian, Anand Paul, Jeonghong Kim, and K-W-A Chee

2022

@article{subramanian2022metrics,
  title = {Metrics Space and Norm: Taxonomy to Distance Metrics},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Paul, Anand and Kim, Jeonghong and Chee, K-W-A},
  journal = {Scientific Programming},
  year = {2022},
  volume = {2022},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1911345},
  doi = {10.1155/2022/1911345},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

JKMS

Fast Convergence GRU Model for Sign Language Recognition

Barathi Subramanian, Bekhzod Olimov, and Jeonghong Kim

2022

@article{subramanian2022fastgru,
  title = {Fast Convergence GRU Model for Sign Language Recognition},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Olimov, Bekhzod and Kim, Jeonghong},
  journal = {Journal of Korea Multimedia Society},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {1257--1265},
  year = {2022},
  number = {9},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

KSC’22

LF-YOLOv5: An Improved and Lightweight YOLOv5 Model for Disabled Sign Detection

Barathi Subramanian, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Taehun Kim, and Jeonghong Kim

2022

@inproceedings{subramanian2022lfyolov5,
  title = {LF-YOLOv5: An Improved and Lightweight YOLOv5 Model for Disabled Sign Detection},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Kim, Taehun and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {Korea Software Conference},
  address = {Jeju, South Korea},
  year = {2022},
  pages = {699--701},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

KISC’22

Disabled Sign Recognition using Single-Shot Detection

Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli Rakhmonov, Barathi Subramanian, and Jeonghong Kim

2022

Bib

@inproceedings{rakhmonov2022disabled,
  title = {Disabled Sign Recognition using Single-Shot Detection},
  author = {Rakhmonov, Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli and Subramanian, Barathi and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {Korea Institute of Smart Convergence (KISC)},
  year = {2022},
  pages = {198--199},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

KMMS’22

Fast-Convergence GRU Model for Indian Sign Language Recognition

Barathi Subramanian, Bekhzod Olimov, and Jeonghong Kim

2022

Bib PDF

@inproceedings{subramanian2022fastgru_conf,
  title = {Fast-Convergence GRU Model for Indian Sign Language Recognition},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Olimov, Bekhzod and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {Korea Multimedia Society},
  address = {Busan, South Korea},
  year = {2022},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

ICUFN’22

Unsupervised Deep Learning-based End-to-end Network for Anomaly Detection and Localization

Bekhzod Olimov, Barathi Subramanian, and Jeonghong Kim

2022

@inproceedings{olimov2022unsupervised,
  title = {Unsupervised Deep Learning-based End-to-end Network for Anomaly Detection and Localization},
  author = {Olimov, Bekhzod and Subramanian, Barathi and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {13th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), IEEE},
  pages = {444--449},
  year = {2022},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

2021

MICPRO

Blockchain for Public Health Care in Smart Society

M. Junaid Gul, Barathi Subramanian, Anand Paul, and Jeonghong Kim

2021

@article{gul2021blockchain,
  title = {Blockchain for Public Health Care in Smart Society},
  author = {Gul, M. Junaid and Subramanian, Barathi and Paul, Anand and Kim, Jeonghong},
  journal = {Microprocessors and Microsystems},
  volume = {80},
  pages = {103524},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103524},
  pubcategory = {journal},
  type = {journal}
}

ICOT’21

Predictive Modeling and Mobility Pattern Analysis

Barathi Subramanian, Anand Paul, Jeonghong Kim, and Madhan Kumar Srinivasan

2021

@inproceedings{subramanian2021predictive,
  title = {Predictive Modeling and Mobility Pattern Analysis},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Paul, Anand and Kim, Jeonghong and Srinivasan, Madhan Kumar},
  booktitle = {9th International Conference on Orange Technology (ICOT), IEEE},
  pages = {1--4},
  year = {2021},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

KMMS’21

Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition for Indian Sign Language using CNN with Deep Single-Shot Detector

Barathi Subramanian, Bekhzod Olimov, and Jeonghong Kim

2021

Bib PDF

@inproceedings{subramanian2021handgesture,
  title = {Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition for Indian Sign Language using CNN with Deep Single-Shot Detector},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Olimov, Bekhzod and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {Korea Multimedia Society},
  year = {2021},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

MITA’21

Real-Time Hand Tracking System for Indian Sign Language Gesture Recognition

Barathi Subramanian, Bekhzod Olimov, and Jeonghong Kim

2021

Bib PDF

@inproceedings{subramanian2021handtracking,
  title = {Real-Time Hand Tracking System for Indian Sign Language Gesture Recognition},
  author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Olimov, Bekhzod and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {17th International Conference on Multimedia Information Technology and Applications},
  address = {Jeju, South Korea},
  year = {2021},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

DB-Pia

DeepMedNet: Deep Learning Based Medical Image Segmentation Model

Bekhzod Olimov, Barathi Subramanian, and Jeonghong Kim

2021

@inproceedings{olimov2021deepmednet,
  title = {DeepMedNet: Deep Learning Based Medical Image Segmentation Model},
  author = {Olimov, Bekhzod and Subramanian, Barathi and Kim, Jeonghong},
  booktitle = {DB-Pia},
  pages = {576--578},
  year = {2021},
  pubcategory = {conference},
  type = {conference}
}

2020

ICOT’20

An Efficient Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Semantic Segmentation

Bekhzod Olimov, Barathi Subramanian, and Jeonghong Kim

2020